Air compressing device



Jam 33% J, VOLUMAN 027,076

AIR COMPRESS ING DEVICE jan. T1936. .1. VQLLIMAN AIR 'COMPRESSING DEVICE Filed July 24, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Hama 7? H93@ J. VOLLIMAN AIR COMPRESSING DEVICE Filed July 24, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 TIE: E

FUEL-'1- INVENTOR.

Patented Jan. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AIR COMPRESSING DEVICE Joseph Volliman, San Francisco, Calif.

Application July 24, 1934, Serial No; 736,666

Clanis.V (Cl. 230-193) thence to a fluid pressure receiver from whichthe fluid under extreme pressure is emitted for any desired purpose.

For example, on opposite ends of'. the-device, low pressure cylinders alternatewith high pressure cylinders, and each low pressureand high 15. pressure set is connected by means of anti-friction free floating piston rods arranged to be actuated by an' obliquely arranged disc cam carried by a shaft having suitable thrustfbearing supports.

The principal object of the inventionis the provision of a high pressure fluid compressor that embodies a plurality of sets of alternate low and high compression cylinders and pistons of double actingcharacter by-pass-connected together as to g5: opposite sets, in such a manner that a continuous flow of fluid under high pressure'is constantly fed vto a common storage receiver.

A further object of the invention'is to provide a-fiuid compressor of the class described. that 301 embodies a disc cam for reciprocatingthev double acting piston rods in such a manner'that positivelynolost motion or back lash takes place between the cam and its anti-friction piston rods; that is, the anti-friction elements of these piston 35: rods constantly contactthe operating track-of the camat all times, and thereby provide smoother and more positive action minus friction and power loss.

A still further object of the invention is to pro- 4l)` vide a high, compression fluid compressor in which the. piston rods are full floating upon the opposed pistons of each set, by meansof antifriction rollers adapted to contact the voperating trackof thercam and by sets of anti-friction roll- 45.= ers contacting the piston rods on either stroke thereof;

Anv additional object oi'. the invention is the provision of. a compressor of the class-.indicated that is much smoother in its action than com- 50i. pressors of the usual type due to the fact that no back lash or excessive strains occurin its operation, for thereason that the horizontal and vertical roller bearings float the piston rods; and theweight. of these elements is therefore carried 55eby the piston rings of the pistons, hencel the desired smooth and free floating action of the piston rods and pistons arranged on opposite sides of thecam is successfully accomplished.

Additional to the foregoing objects is that of, providing a compressor of the high compression l type that employs no fly wheel due to the fact that all piston rods and pistons are properly balanced in their action, and that the action of the driving cam in relation to all piston rods and pistons is such that a constant and smooth rotary 10 motion is applied to the driving shaft without undue strain or driving torque being transmitted thereto from the source of power.

Ancillary to the foregoing objects is that of providing a compressor which includes `positive l5 yet simple'iluid ingress and egress valves that, respectively and effectively, control the breaking of the vacuum in the various cylinders and the egressof thehighly compressed fluid pressure therefrom to the common receiver. 20

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent with reference to the subjoined speciication and the accompanying three sheets of drawings in whichz- Figure 1 is a longitudinal median section of. the 25 complete compressor, showing the driving mechanism, disc cam, free floating piston rods, low compression pistons, water jacketed cylinders, and some of the by-pass connections to the storage receiver, the section being indicated by the line l-I in Figure 2;

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the device as seen looking from the right hand end of Figure 1 and showing the various cylinder heads, valves, and by-pass piping from cylinder to cylinder and thence` tothe receiver;

Figure 3. is a transverse sectional view ofthe device showing the opposite end of the compressor from that disclosed in Figure 2, the section being taken through the several low and high compression free floating concentrically arranged piston rods, as indicated by the line 3-3 in Figure 1';

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional detail of a 45 portion of the disc cam showing the associated anti-friction piston rods contacting the cam, also opposed pistonsof a low pressure set;

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional detail taken onthe line-S--i in Figure 4 and displaying one 50 ofthe piston rod guide ways and its laterally disposed anti-friction rollers on opposite sides thereof;

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional detail of a low compression set as illustrated in Figure 4,

and further illustrating the anti-friction hookup relative to the disc cam;

Figure '1 is a plan detail per se of one of the high compression sets showing one of the piston rods, its opposed pistons and anti-friction roller means adapted to contact the cam;

Figure 8 is an enlarged end view of one of the cylinder heads showing the arrangement of the intake valves and the outlet valve; and

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 8 and further illustrating the valve arrangement.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the compressor embodies a suitable supporting base or frame I0, a cylindrical or like casing II supported thereon, said casing having inner heads I2 and I3, and outer water-jacketed head sections I4 and I5, and the whole being held securely together by means of a plurality of stay bolts I6, as indicated in Figure 3.

The low and high pressure cylinders respectively A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H and the cylinders A', B', C', D', E', F', G' and H' have their inner ends swaged into the heads I2 and I3, as clearly depicted in Figure 1, and have their outer ends capped as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

The driving means for the compressor consists of a driving shaft I1 having a driving pulley I8 mounted thereon, said shaft being mounted in suitable anti-friction bearings I9 and 2D, which bearings are mounted in cylindrical projections 2l and 22 integrally formed with the heads I2 i and I3, respectively.

The means for actuating the various pistons in the low and high compression cylinders comprises an obliquely positioned cam 23 having opposed annular track-ways 24, arranged about the sides of the cam and adapted to contact the rollers of the various piston rods to cause their successive actuation, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Referring particularly to Figures 2 and 3, in Which the arrangement of the cylinders is clearly disclosed, it will be observed that the cylinders A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H shown in Figure 2 are alternate low and high compression cylinders, and that the cylinders A', B', C', D', E', F', G' and H shown in Figure 3 are also alternate low and high compression cylinders; and said cylinders are all connected together and to the receiver in the following manner:-

In Figure 2 is shown the pipe arrangement which comprises a by-pass line 25 connecting loW and high compression cylinders, respectively A and D, a line 26 connecting high and low compression cylinders B and G, respectively, a line 21, connecting low and high compression cylinders C and F, respectively, and a line 28 connecting low and high compression cylinders E and H, respectively. Lines 29, 30, 3|, and 32 connect cylinders B, D, F, and H, respectively with the receiver 33.

The cylinders A', B', C', D', E', F', G' and H are arranged and hooked up in the identical manner as that described in relation to cylinders A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, hence it is not thought necessary to describe these in detail.

The low compression cylinders A, C, E, and G and A', C', E', and G' are provided with screw cap heads, 34, embodying air inlet valves 35, and outlet or exhaust valves 36, said valves, 36, exhausting into the several lines 25, 26, 21 and 28,

and the lines 29, 39, 3l and 32 leading to the receiver 33, said caps being shown in large detail in Figures 8 and 9.

The high compression cylinders B, D, F, and H, and B', D', F and H', are provided with suitable caps 31, and valves as above described.

The low pressure pistons 38 and 39, and their common piston rods 4E, are illustrated in detail in Figures 4 and 6, and comprise at bar sections having cut out central portions 4I, to receive the track sections 24, of the cam 23; and are additionally Slotted as indicated at 42 and 43, to receive anti-friction rollers 44 and 45, which rollers contact opposite track-Ways of the cam and prevent any lost motion or back lash between the cam and piston rods.

These piston rod connections are full iioating upon their pistons 39 and 39, and are guided in this manner by means of guide ways 46, in which are roller sets 41 and 48, said guide ways being mounted between the heads, I2 and I3, and held securely in place by means of cap screws 49 and 50, Figures 4 and 6. It will thus be observed that the piston rods are full iioating upon their respective pistons, and friction and back lash in these is practically eliminated. It will also be noted with reference to Figure 4, that the pistons 38 and 39 and the piston rollers 44 and 45 are in direct axial alignment, as indicated by the .dot-and-dash line 5I, whereby a straight line thrust is delivered by the cam to said rollers, piston rods and pistons, thus eliminating all torsional strains which may be transmitted to these parts when in operation.

In Figure '1, I have illustrated one of the high compression piston rods 52, having rollers 53 and 54, and the smaller pistons 55 and 56, these pistons operating in guides of anti-friction character the same as the guides 46, shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6; these making the high compression rods and pistons fully free floating as are the low compression rods and pistons as above set forth.

The cam 23 and the Various sets of plston rod anti-friction rollers 44 and 45, and rollers 53 and 54, of the high compression sets, are constantly oiled by means of a circulating oil pump 51, shown mounted Within the casing II, and having a jet pipe, 58, mounted, as clearly shown in Figure 1, to deliver oil to the cam and associated working parts at all times.

It will thus be observed that I have provided a combined low and high compression compressor of substantially frictionless character, and one that is positive inits operation, compact, and practically noiseless in action; hence it requires less power for its operation, and is, therefore, much cheaper to operate and maintain than the usual compressor of this type.

' VI claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States the following:-

1, A compressor of the class described, embodying, in combination, a plurality of opposed alternate low and high compression cylinders, pistons arranged in said cylinders, rectangularly shaped piston rods connecting said pistons for unitary action', anti-friction rollers carried by said rods, and anti-friction rollers arranged to guide said rectangular shaped rods, a driving shaft, a disc cam obliquely and integrally mounted on said shaft, and having track-Ways operable between said Viirst mentioned rolls, a receiver associated with the compressor, by-pass lines connecting certain low and high compression cylinders, and

Said receiver.

2. A compressor of the class described, embodying, in combination, a plurality of opposed alternate low and high compression cylinders, pistons arranged in said cylinders, rectangularly shaped piston rods connecting said pistons for unitary action, anti-friction rollers carried by said rods, and lateral anti-friction rollers arranged to guide said rods, a driving shaft, a disc cam obliquely mounted on said shaft, and having track-Ways operable between said first mentioned rollers, a receiver associated with said compressor, by-pass lines connecting certain 10W and high compression cylinders, and lines leading from certain of said cylinders to said receiver, and valve means carried by said cylinders to control the ingress and egress of iiuid thereto and therefrom.

3. In a double acting compressor of the class described embodying opposed sets of low and high compression cylinders arranged in alternate relation, ingress and egress valves arranged in said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, rectangular piston rods connecting said pistons, anti-friction means carried by said rods and anti-friction guides therefor, said guides comprising rollers, cam means associated with said rods and having track-ways contacting said first mentioned antifriction means, means for driving said cam, and means for by-passing compressed air from certain of said low compression cylinders to certain of said high compression cylinders.

4. In a double acting compressor of the class described embodying opposed sets of low and high compression cylinders arranged in alternate relation, ingress and egress valves arranged in said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, piston rods connecting said pistons, said pistons being 5 rectangular in cross section, anti-friction means carried by said rods and anti-friction guide rollers therefor, cam means associated With said rods and having track-ways contacting said first mentioned anti-friction means, means for driving said cam, and means for by-passing compressed air from certain of said low compression cylinders to certain of said high compression cylinders, said anti-friction means causing the rods to become full floating upon their respective pistons.

5. In a compressor of the class described, embodying a plurality of concentrically and alternately arranged sets of low and high compression cylinders by-pass connected together, pistons mounted in said cylinders, rectangular rods connecting said pistons and having roller means associated therewith to cause their free floating movement, said means embodying rollers arranged in the ends of said pistons, and guide rollers arranged to contact the sides thereof, and an obliquely and integrally formed cam having its track-ways entering between said rst mentioned rollers to cause the free floating reciprocation of said rods.

JOSEPH VOLLIMAN. 

